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  "Comments": "San Diego Urban Heat Analysis: This dataset provides a comprehensive analysis of heat vulnerability, risk, and exposure in San Diego based on research conducted under the NASA DEVELOP National Program. The dataset combines remotely sensed data, health indicators, socioeconomic data, and land surface temperatures to create a holistic understanding of heat-related challenges in the city. These findings are essential for urban planning, climate adaptation strategies, and public health initiatives in the face of increasing global temperatures.Exposure to heat exacerbated by an increase in urbanization as well as increasing global temperatures has become a growing concern for cities and their residents. Excess heat can cause increased heat-related morbidity, mortality, and energy costs. Vulnerability to heat-related illnesses is oftentimes correlated to demographics, socioeconomic status, and pre-existing health conditions. The City of San Diego, California boasts 1.4 million residents and, like many other major cities, has experienced increases in heat-related hospitalizations and mortality. The burden of urban heat is also not equal amongst communities; areas with lower income and communities of color bear a disproportionate burden. In partnership with the City of San Diego, and American Geophysical Union\u2019s (AGU) Thriving Earth Exchange, the DEVELOP team used Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS), and ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) imagery to identify areas of highest heat based on land surface temperature from 2015-2020. Our analyses showed that health demographics such as obesity and cardiovascular health were the strongest indicators for heat vulnerability. In addition, various inputs (land use/land cover, tree canopy, and building intensity derived from the City of San Diego data along with albedo from Landsat 8) were used in the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) urban cooling model to investigate changes in cooling rates in current and future scenarios for the city. The model results showed that cooling is expected to occur due to a 5% increase in tree canopy. The City of San Diego can use these results to inform the development of the Climate Resilient San Diego plan and prioritize at-risk communities for cooling interventions.Flood Extent Layers (100-Year Storm and Average Daily Conditions)This service also includes simplified polygon layers representing projected sea-level rise (SLR) flood extents based on USGS CoSMoS v3.0 Phase 2 model outputs. The original USGS data was:\t1. Converted from raster to vector format to support spatial queries in web apps, and\t2. Generalized using a 5-meter simplify tolerance to significantly reduce vertex counts and improve performance in browser-based maps.Two conditions are included:\t\u2022 100-Year Flood Extent: coastal flooding during a modeled 100-year storm\t\u2022 Average Condition Flood Extent: daily tidal flooding under SLR scenariosThese vectorized layers differ from the original raster outputs and are intended for use in web applications like the Climate Hazard Map Viewer. Users requiring high-fidelity modeling results should refer to the full-resolution CoSMoS dataset available at USGS ScienceBase.",
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